Phosphating operation
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United States of America Patent
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Nov 22, 2011
Grant Date -
Jan 22, 2004
app pub date -
Jun 18, 2001
filing date -
Jun 18, 2001
priority date (Note) -
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Abstract
Operational problems such as scale and sludge formation which are encountered in phosphating processes using compositions containing zinc and at least one of Ni, Co, or Zn may be alleviated by maintaining an effective level of dissolved iron cations in such compositions.
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