Importance

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Abstract

Ionic compounds with a freezing point of up to 100.degree. C. are formed by the reaction of an one amine salt of formula (I) R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4N.sup.+X.sup.-, such as choline chloride with an organic compound (II) capable of forming a hydrogen bond with X; such as urea, wherein the molar ration of I to II is from 1:1.5 to 1:2.5. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be H, optionally substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C.sub.6 to C.sub.12 aryl, optionally substituted C.sub.7 to C.sub.12 alkaryl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together may represent a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 optionally substituted alkylene group, thereby forming with the N atom of formula I a 5 to 11-membered heterocyclic ring and all of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are not identical, X.sup.- may be NO.sub.3.sup.-, F, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, ClO.sub.4.sup.-, CN.sup.-, SO.sub.3CF.sub.3.sup.-, or COOCF.sub.3.sup.-. The ionic compounds are useful as solvents, and electrolytes for example in electroplating, electrowinning, and electropolishing, and as catalysts.

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First Claim