Importance

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Abstract

Disclosed is a method and two devices for obtaining phase shifts by using a non-reciprocal resonator supporting single-mode operation. As such, wave propagation in the resonator is unambiguous in phase, allowing the phase to be coupled in or out at different positions. This results in novel phase shifter devices of two kinds: One kind of the devices suggests to change the coupling positions by using switches, and the other kind suggests to use a movable port to be driven by a step motor, for example. In this invention the phase-shift function performed by a non-reciprocal resonator invokes no use of a transmission line, none for the adjustment in its electronic properties, including permittivity and permeability. The operation of the disclosed phase shifter devices is uniform, being independent of the phase-shift angles, exhibiting low insertion loss and low return loss. Depending on the purpose of applications, versatile phase shifter devices can thus be fabricated, showing the following advantages, economy, reduced size, fast response, high isolation, minimum internal reflection, and compatibility with the current semiconductor fabrication techniques. This invention favors the fabrication of large phased array systems, where available space, cost, and power dissipation can be of primary concerns.

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First Claim