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Abstract

A universal system is provided for synchronizing servers which accommodates wide area mobile computing while at the same time making the process more efficient. The system includes a network of primary servers with high performance reliable links making up the backbone of the synchronization process to which secondary servers are linked via typically less reliable links. Moreover, synchronization from a mobile computer can be done whether in client/server mode, or peer-to-peer to support any topology of secondary servers. In one embodiment while the primary servers are automatically and frequently synchronized, synchronization of the secondary servers is under the control of the user which prevents unintended synchronization. A summarizing version vector is used to minimize the amount of data transmitted by avoiding the necessity for exchanging version vectors for individual objects. This summarizing version vector also permits differential synchronization using summarizing version vectors and update stamps, the generation of a latest common version vector to purge off differential updates on a server, restart of synchronization from the point of previous failure with data from an unaffected server, and fine grain synchronization by permitting a differential update as the atom of data to be transmitted. Additionally, the system automatically switches between whole object synchronization and differential synchronization. Further, the subject system permits synchronization between different systems because the semantics of the data is segregated from the synchronization due to extracting updates in a standard format and synchronizing based on a standard protocol.

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First Claim