Apparatus for improved cardiac pacing and sensing using extracardiac indifferent electrode configurations
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United States of America Patent
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Sep 29, 1998
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N/A
app pub date -
Feb 9, 1996
filing date -
Feb 9, 1996
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Expired
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Abstract
The present invention provides an improved extracardiac indifferent electrode configuration for implantable medical devices that overcomes the deficiencies of known unipolar and bipolar cardiac sensing and pacing systems. In particular, the present invention provides an indifferent electrode configuration wherein a subcutaneous extracardiac electrode is advantageously positioned so as to provide a truly indifferent return or reference electrode that does not inadvertently stimulate torso muscle and is not subject to detecting myopotentials generated by adjacent torso muscle. In addition, by being placed outside the heart, the indifferent electrode allows the intracardiac catheter to maintain a low profile, i.e., allows the catheter to be as small as possible, and does not generate metallic ions or cause degradation of catheter materials by generating such ions.
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