Importance

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Abstract

Devices and methods for controlling the local pH of solutions (e.g., for parallelized polymer synthesis) are generally described. These may offer several advantages, including the ability to control pH using a plurality of pixels, and/or the ability to sense the pH associated with each pixel, according to certain embodiments. In some embodiments, such devices are used to selectively synthesize polymer sequences (e.g., DNA sequences) associated with each pixel. The pixels can, in some embodiments, comprise electrodes that can apply an electrical potential or current to a solution comprising an electrically sensitive pH modifier. In some cases, reaction of the electrically sensitive pH modifier may cause a change in pH. The pixels may comprise circuit components that can operate in multiple modes (e.g. as potentiostats, galvanostats, or open-circuit potential sensors capable of sensing local pH).

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First Claim