Importance

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Abstract

An electrolyte includes a composite salt mixture formed from a halogen-free closo-borate salt and a halogenated closo-borate salt. The halogen-free closo-borate salt includes a first cation selected from Li⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, or Ca²⁺, and a closo-borate anion with the structure [B_yH_(y−z)R_z]²⁻, [CB(_y−1)H_(y−z)R_z]⁻, [C₂B_(y−2)H_(y−t−1)R_t]⁻, [C₂B_(y−3)H_(y−t)R_t]⁻, or [C₂B_(y−3)H_(y−t−1)R_t]²⁻, and a second cation selected from Li⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, or Ca²⁺,and a halogenated closo-borate anion with the structure [B_yH_(y−z−i)R_zX_i]²⁻, [CB(_y−1)H_(y−z−i)R_zX_i]⁻, [C₂B_(y−2)H_{(y−t−j−1)}R_tX_j]⁻, [C₂B_(y−3)H_(y−t−j)R_tX_j]⁻, or [C₂B_(y−3)H_{(y−t−j−1)}R_tX_j]²⁻. The parameter y is an integer within a range of 6 to 12, z is an integer within a range of 0 to y, t is an integer within a range of 0 to (y−1), z+i is an integer within a range of 0 to y, t+j is an integer within a range of 0 to y−1, R is a linear, branched-chain, or cyclic C1-C18 alkyl or fluoroalkyl group, and X is F, Cl, Br, and/or I.

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First Claim