ADDITIVE FOR LIQUID FUELS, FUEL COMPOSITIONS BASED ON THE ADDITIVE, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE
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United States of America Patent
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Issued Date -
Nov 23, 2023
app pub date -
Oct 5, 2021
filing date -
Oct 7, 2020
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Abstract
A nanostructure includes a plurality of substantially spherically curved carbon layers having diameters in a range of 1 nanometer to 1000 nanometers and a plurality of nitrogen atoms attached to an outer convex side of the carbon layers. A composition of matter includes a liquid fuel and an additive including at least one liquid and a plurality of carbon nano-onions. A method of fabricating an additive for liquid fuel includes creating a carbon based material using a plasma in an environment including at least one hydrocarbon gas and/or at least one liquid containing hydrocarbons, organometallic metal-complex, and/or element-organic compounds, evaporating organic material from the carbon-based material, nitrating the carbon-based material, and extracting carbon nano-onions from the nitrated carbon-based material.
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