The present invention relates to a food composition, and to a pharmaceutical composition, which exhibit anti-obesity effects by means of a thermogenesis produced by an activity of a UCP of fat cells, which exhibit anti-diabetes effects by means of an improved insulin resistance, increase muscle mass, and improve capacity for exercise. More particularly, the present invention relates to a novel use of a composition containing extracts of piper retrofractum, and to the food composition or pharmaceutical composition which exhibit anti-obesity effects by means of decreased body weight and body fat, exhibit anti-diabetes effects by means of ameliorated insulin resistance through the reduction of blood glucose and blood insulin, increase muscle mass by increasing an energy source being supplied to the muscles, and improve the capacity for exercise including increased endurance.

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