Process for preparing nitriles and isonitriles by dehydration reactions with propanephosphonic anhydrides
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United States of America Patent
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Issued Date -
Jul 12, 2007
app pub date -
Jan 15, 2005
filing date -
Jan 26, 2004
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Abandoned
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Abstract
The invention concerns a method for producing: a) nitriles of formula (II) and b) isonitriles of formula (III) by reacting: a) carboxylic acid amides (RCO--NH2), ammonium salts of carboxylic acids (RCOO--NH4+) or carboxylic acids in the presence of ammonia or ammonium salts (RCOOH+NH3, RCOOH+NH4+) or b) formamides (H--CO--NHR) or mixtures of amines with formic acid, with cyclic phosphonic acid anhydrides while eliminating water at a temperature ranging from -30 to +120.degree. C., in which R represents an arbitrarily substituted linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl radical, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl radical, alkenyl radical, alkynyl radical or an aryl radical or heteroaryl radical. As a cyclic phosphonic acid anhydride, a 2,4,6,-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6 -trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide of formula (I) is advantageously used, in which: x=3, 4 or 5; R', independent of one another, represents open-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain C.sub.1to C.sub.16 alkyl radicals or cyclic C.sub.3 to C.sub.16 alkyl radicals or aryl or heteroaryl.
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